1.DMSO:
DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide and is widely used. Used as a solvent for acetylene, aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide and other gases, and as a solvent for spinning acrylic fibers. It is an extremely important aprotic polar solvent that is soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. It has a strong permeability to the skin and helps the drug penetrate into the body. Can also be used as an additive to pesticides. It is also a very important chemical reagent. Studies have shown that DMSO has serious toxic effects, interacts with protein hydrophobic groups, leading to protein denaturation, vascular toxicity and liver and kidney toxicity. Shanghai Chuangsai provides dimethyl sulfoxide (chromatographic grade), 67-68-5, for HPLC, ≥99.7%, commodity number: C84-103273, 1L, 362 yuan
DMSO is a relatively toxic substance. Avoid using it when it is used. Prepare 1%-5% ammonia for use. After skin is applied, wash it with plenty of water and dilute ammonia. The most common are nausea, vomiting, and rash. Garlic, onion, and oyster are emitted from the skin and exhaled gases.
Inhalation: High volatile concentrations may cause headaches, dizziness and sedation.
Skin: It can burn the skin and make the skin feel tingling, just like the rash and blisters seen. If dimethyl sulfoxide contacts the aqueous skin, it will produce a thermal reaction. Avoid contact with dimethyl sulfoxide solutions containing toxic raw materials or substances. Because their toxicity is not known, dimethyl sulfoxide may penetrate into the skin and, under certain conditions, will introduce toxic substances into the skin.
Absorption: The risk of absorption is very low.
2.EB: EB (Ethidium bromide, ethidium bromide)
Ethidium bromide is a highly sensitive fluorescent stain for the observation of DNA in agarose and polyacrylamide gels. Ethidium bromide is a strong mutagen and has high carcinogenicity! It will evaporate at 60-70 degrees (so it is best not to add it when the glue is too hot, or should be added to the liquid, 0.5ug/ml, dyed half Hour) (When EB is added too much, the dyed gel can also be soaked with water for 20 min at room temperature to reduce background fluorescence caused by unbound EB). Ethidium bromide (EB), 1239-45-8, BR score 99%, commodity number: D16-1013683, 1g, 518 yuan
Purification of ethidium bromide solution:
Since ethidium bromide has certain toxicity, after the experiment is finished, the solution containing EB should be purified and disposed of again to avoid polluting the environment and endangering human health.
(1) For solutions with an EB content greater than 0.5 mg/ml:
1 The EB solution is diluted with water to a concentration of less than 0.5 mg/ml;
2 Add a volume of 0.5mol / L KMnO4, mix, add an equal amount of 25mol / L HCl, mix, set at room temperature for several hours;
3 Add a volume of 2.5 mol / L NaOH, mix and discard.
(2) A solution with an EB content of less than 0.5 mg/ml:
1 Add activated carbon in an amount of 1mg/ml, gently mix and mix at room temperature for 1 hour;
2 Filter with filter paper and seal the activated carbon and filter paper and discard.
3.DEPC:
DEPC, diethylprocarbonate, inactivates various proteins and is a strong inhibitor of RNase. DEPC is a potential carcinogen that should be handled under ventilated conditions and avoid contact with the skin.
DEPC toxicity is not very strong, but the toxicity of inhalation is the strongest, wearing a mask when using. Inadvertently occupying your hands and paying attention to immediate flushing, RNase AwayTM reagent can replace DEPC, it is easy to operate, low in price, and non-toxic. Simply pour the RNaseAwayTM directly onto the surface of the glassware and plastic containers, soak it and rinse it off with water to quickly remove the RNase from the surface of the vessel and not interfere with subsequent experiments.
4. Acrylamide:
Acrylamide is a moderately toxic substance. It can enter the human body through skin absorption and respiratory tract. Therefore, protective equipment such as anti-virus clothing, anti-virus masks and anti-virus gloves must be worn during handling and use. The harm of acrylamide is mainly caused by neurotoxicity, as well as reproductive and developmental toxicity.
Neurotoxicity is characterized by degenerative changes in peripheral nerves and degenerative changes in the brain involving learning, memory, and other cognitive functions. The trial also showed that acrylamide is a possible carcinogen, and epidemiological observations of occupational exposure populations indicate that Long-term low-dose exposure to acrylamide can cause symptoms such as lethargy, mood and memory changes, hallucinations, and tremors, along with peripheral neuropathy such as glove-like sensation, sweating, and muscle weakness. Cumulative toxicity, not easy to detoxify.
Any of the following may be classified as subjects of chronic acrylamide poisoning:
a. contact with acrylamide on the skin, sweating, dampness, peeling, erythema;
b. There are symptoms such as numbness, tingling, weakness of the lower limbs, and lethargy;
c. Neuro-electromyography shows suspicious neurogenic damage.
Treatment principles:
B vitamins, energy mixture can be used, supplemented by physical therapy, physical therapy and symptomatic treatment. Severe poisoning should also strengthen supportive therapy.
5. NN-methylene bis acrylamide:
NN-methylene bisacrylamide is toxic and affects the central nervous system. Do not inhale powder.
6. DTT dithiothreitol:
DTT Dithiothreitol is a strong reducing agent that emits an unpleasant odor. May be harmful to health by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption. When using solid or high-concentration stock solutions, wear gloves and goggles and operate in a fume hood.
7. TEMED:
TEMED has strong neurotoxicity, prevents aspiration, is fast during operation, and is sealed during storage.
8. PMSF:
Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride [(PMSF), C7H7FO2S or C6H5CH2SO2F] is a highly potent cholinesterase inhibitor. It is very damaging to the respiratory mucosa, eyes and skin. May be fatal due to inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption. Wear suitable gloves and safety glasses, always in a chemical fume hood. In case of contact, immediately flush the eyes or skin with plenty of water, and the contaminated overalls are discarded. Shanghai Chuangsai Benzylsulfonyl fluoride, 329-98-6, ≥98.5%, (GC), commodity number: C16-P10408, 1g, 128 yuan
9. Chloroform (CHCl3):
Chloroform is irritating to the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and respiratory tract. It is a carcinogen that can damage the liver and kidneys. It is also volatile and avoids inhaling volatile gases. Wear suitable gloves and safety glasses during operation and always in a chemical fume hood. Shanghai Chuangsai provides chloroform standard solution, 67-66-3, 1000μg/ml, solvent: methanol, product model: C16-C11218-2ml
10. Formaldehyde (HCOH):
Formaldehyde is highly toxic and volatile, and is also a carcinogen. It is easily absorbed through the skin and has irritation and damage to the eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. Avoid inhaling the volatilized volatilization. Wear suitable gloves and safety glasses. Always operate in a chemical fume hood. Keep away from heat, sparks and open flames. Shanghai Chuangsai provides formaldehyde standard solution, 50-00-0, 100mg/L, 1000μg/ml, 10.8mg/ml, solvent: water, product model: C16-F10321-20ml
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