Commonly used alcohol burners are two types of alcohol burners and hanging alcohol burners. The alcohol of the seat type alcohol burner is stored in the lamp holder, and the alcohol storage tank of the hanging type burner is suspended at a high place. The flame temperature of alcohol burners can reach about 1000 °C. Before use, inject alcohol into the preheating basin, and the copper tube is heated after ignition; when the alcohol in the basin is nearly burned, turn on the switch on the tube (counterclockwise); the alcohol from the tank is inside the tube It is heated and vaporized and mixed with air from the air holes. At this time, the gas is ignited by the fire to generate a high temperature flame; the on-off valve is adjusted to control the size of the flame. After use, the hanging torch holder tightens the switch and closes the stopcock under the alcohol storage tank to extinguish the lamp. For seat alcohol blowtorch, cover the spout with a damp cloth or asbestos net. At the same time, use a damp cloth to cool the lamp holder. Turn up the intake air to extinguish.
working principle
The firepower of the blowtorch is mainly obtained by mixing alcohol and air and steam to obtain a high-temperature flame. The alcohol burner can be divided into a seat blower and a hanging blower according to the shape. A common type of blowtorch is used in junior high school. The principle, structure, use and maintenance of the seat alcohol burner are described below. The seat type alcohol burner lamp used in school laboratories is composed of a lamp tube, an air conditioner, a pilot bowl, a screw cap, and an alcohol storage tank (see figure). The flame temperature is around 800 °C, up to 1000 °C, and it can work continuously for about half an hour for every 200 ml of alcohol consumed.
use
1. Unscrew the screw cap filled with alcohol and pour the alcohol into the storage tank through the funnel. For safety, the amount of alcohol should not exceed 80% (about 200 ml) of the inner volume of the can. Then tighten the cover to avoid air leaks. Then tilt the lamp body by 70 degrees to wet the wick inside the lamp to avoid burning the wick.
2. The alcohol vapor nozzle in the lamp tube has a diameter of 0.55 mm, which is easily blocked by ash particles, etc., and cannot be ignited after being blocked. Therefore, the nozzle should be inspected before each use. If a blockage is found, a needle or a fine steel needle should be used. Pierce the spout.
3. Inject a 2/3 capacity of alcohol into the fire bowl, ignite the alcohol with a match, and heat the tube (at this time, turn the air regulator to minimize the air inlet). When the alcohol is vaporized, when it is ejected from the nozzle. The flame that is burned in the fire bowl can ignite the vapor of the sprayed alcohol. If you can't ignite, you can use a match to ignite.
4. When the nozzle flame is ignited, adjust the amount of air to bring the flame to the desired temperature. In general, the more air that enters, that is, the more oxygen, the higher the flame temperature.
5. Extinguish the blowtorch, use the waste wood board prepared in advance to flatten the upper end of the lamp tube, the flame can be extinguished, and then the cloth is loosened with a screw cap (to avoid burns), so that the alcohol vapor with higher temperature in the tank escapes.
note
1. When the torch is working, there must be no heat source under the lamp holder. The ambient temperature should generally be below 35 °C, and there should be no flammable materials around.
2. When the alcohol consumption in the tank is about 20 ml, stop using it. If you need to continue working, add the alcohol after the blown lamp is extinguished. Do not add alcohol to the tank when the blowtorch is burning, so as not to ignite the tank. Alcohol vapor.
3. If you find the bottom of the tank when using the blowtorch, stop using it immediately, check if the spout is blocked, whether the alcohol is spilled, etc., and find out the cause, and then use it after troubleshooting.
4. Do not use too much time for each continuous use. If it is found that the temperature of the lamp body is rising or the alcohol in the tank is boiling (the sound of bubble breaks), it should be stopped immediately to avoid the cracking of the can body due to the increase of the pressure inside the tank.
Problem and solution
1. At the beginning of the flame spray, the flame is normal. After the alcohol in the preheating bowl is burned out, the flame gradually becomes smaller and finally extinguishes. The reason is that there is no flame ejected from the end of the nozzle to the preheating bowl. Treatment, the air regulator valve can be lowered before reheating.
2. The alcohol in the kettle is bumped, and no gas is ejected from the spout. The reason is that the nozzle is blocked. Handling, this is very dangerous, first cover the body with a wet rag, or use cold water to splash, so that the body cools. Then check the body and confirm that there is no damage, use the probe to clear the hole.
3. The effluent gas cannot be burned because the alcohol concentration is too low. Solve and switch to high concentration alcohol.
4. The amount of gas ejected is small, the reason is that the wick is burnt, or the wick plug is too tight. Solved, the former replaces the wick. The latter properly shreds the wick.
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