Source: Zhiyan Consulting
The Party Central Committee put forward the development concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. President Xi Jinping even pointed out that the green mountains and green waters are Jinshan Yinshan. This is not only a strategic decision to implement the scientific development concept, to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, but also an important policy for implementing the national environmental protection policy and an inevitable requirement for maintaining sustainable economic development. In the process of urban and industrial construction, local governments at all levels and investment construction entities should pay particular attention to the impact of industrial wastewater on the natural environment, strengthen measures to deal with it, and must not destroy the homeland on which humans depend for survival.
I. Definition and treatment of industrial wastewater treatment
Industrial wastewater treatment is the advanced treatment of wastewater generated in industrial production, which plays an important role in protecting the environment and reducing environmental burden.
Industrial waste water (industrial waste water) includes production wastewater and production sewage, which refers to waste water and waste liquid produced in industrial production processes, which contain industrial production materials, intermediate products, by-products, and pollutants generated during production.
Industrial wastewater refers to waste water, sewage and waste liquid produced in industrial production processes, which contain industrial production materials, intermediate products and products that are lost with water, and pollutants generated during production. With the rapid development of industry, the types and quantities of wastewater have increased rapidly, and the pollution of water bodies has become increasingly widespread and serious, threatening human health and safety. Therefore, for the protection of the environment, the treatment of industrial wastewater is more important than the treatment of urban sewage.
With the development of China's industry, the discharge of industrial wastewater is increasing, and industrial wastewater has a certain impact on the watershed environment and residents' health. In recent years, China has paid more and more attention to the treatment of industrial wastewater.
Industrial wastewater treatment industry chain diagram
Depending on the treatment depth, sewage treatment can be divided into primary treatment, secondary treatment and advanced treatment. The primary treatment is mainly the removal of water-insoluble substances, adjusting the pH value and reducing the degree of sewage corrosion. The secondary treatment is mainly adopted. Activated sludge, biofilm method, chemical method, etc. remove dissolved organic matter and suspended solids in sewage; third-stage treatment mainly uses MBR method to further remove refractory substances and trace toxic organic substances in sewage on the basis of secondary treatment. According to the “Technical Policy for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Pollution Prevention and Controlâ€, the sewage treatment facilities with a daily treatment capacity of 200,000 cubic meters or more (including 200,000 cubic meters per day) are generally based on conventional activated sludge. Other mature techniques can also be employed.
Sewage classification process
Second, the status quo of industrial wastewater treatment industry
In 2009-2016, the investment amount of domestic industrial wastewater treatment projects exceeded 10 billion. In 2017, the investment amount of the project dropped significantly to 7.638 billion. In 2016, the investment amount reached 10.824 billion. The scale of investment in China's industrial wastewater treatment projects in recent years is shown in the following figure:
Investment amount of China's industrial wastewater treatment project in 2009-2017
Source: National Bureau of Statistics
Industrial sewage has complex structure, large changes in water quality and quantity, high concentration of pollutants, many types of pollutants, and toxicity and refractory characteristics. Industrial sewage is usually divided into two types: clean wastewater and production sewage. The clean wastewater mainly comes from industrial equipment indirect cooling water. Usually, the water temperature is high and the pollution is light. After simple treatment, it can be recycled or discharged into the water body. The production wastewater mainly comes from the production process. The wastewater generated by direct contact with the production materials is highly polluted and must be treated strictly or discharged into the water body.
Industrial wastewater discharge in 2011-2017
Source: Ministry of Environmental Protection
Industrial wastewater treatment capacity in 2011-2017
Source: Ministry of Environmental Protection
The Ministry of Environmental Protection issued the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting Third-Party Governance of Environmental Pollution" to guide industrial enterprises to enter industrial parks and focus on cultivating new models for third-party treatment. Provide more professional sewage treatment services for industrial enterprises. According to the data provided by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the average industrial sewage treatment cost in 2011 was 1.26/ton, and the average industrial sewage treatment cost in 2017 increased to 2.02/ton. As a result, the total domestic industrial wastewater treatment volume in 2017 was 41.8 billion tons, and the corresponding national industrial wastewater treatment market reached 84.42 billion.
Market scale of industrial wastewater treatment industry in 2014-2017
Third, common problems in industrial wastewater treatment
Common problems in industrial wastewater treatment
1. Industrial wastewater discharge is large and wide
Since the 1980s, China's industrial sewage discharge has increased substantially, and many untreated industrial sewage has flowed into China's natural rivers. According to the situation reflected by society, industrial sewage has seriously affected China. Most of the rivers in the region, and 90% of the city's water resources are heavily polluted, and at least 70% of the rivers lose their original value. About 100 million tons of sewage in China's cities and towns are discharged into rivers every day without purification, resulting in serious pollution of water quality in China. One third of the water fish cannot survive. The water used for irrigation is only 40%, and more than half of the water sources are human. Already unable to drink. Freshwater resources are not very rich. In the absence of water resources, along with the deepening of industrial pollution, it is difficult to control sewage.
2, poor sewage treatment capacity
The sewage evolution station is not very common in China. In the sewage treatment problem, most enterprises do not have reasonable solutions. The sewage treatment skills are not mature, and there are problems and loopholes, which cannot meet the sewage treatment standards. The annual displacement of 600 cities in China is about 35.6 billion m3, while the treatment capacity is less than 8 billion m3, and the sewage treatment capacity is less than 30%.
3. The intensity of input into sewage treatment is small
From the perspective of protecting the environment, the treatment of industrial sewage can not only be said to be empty talk, which requires a lot of financial support. However, in order to maximize economic benefits, some industrial enterprises do not want to allocate large amounts of funds for sewage treatment. Without funds to support, sewage treatment is difficult to carry out, curbing the development of sewage treatment technology, and thus the treated sewage can not meet the standard requirements.
Fourth, industrial wastewater treatment recommendations
1. Strengthen sewage treatment and resource utilization
China's modern cities are developing rapidly, and sewage management has become the focus of social development, so we must strictly treat industrial wastewater. At present, China's main treatment of industrial sewage is anti-virus, sedimentation, removal of iron metal, etc. In the era of economic development, wastewater treatment projects are also constantly improving, and now we can extract harmful from industrial wastewater treatment. The substances are removed and the water resources of the city can be improved, and the sewage can be recycled repeatedly. Especially in the industrial production of the city, it is necessary to develop its finishing and removal technology, enhance the improvement of production technology, and effectively reduce the pollution of water while enhancing production.
2. Strengthening industrial wastewater treatment innovation
At the current stage of national construction, industrial wastewater treatment plays a very important role, and it is recommended to continuously improve the innovation in the future. First, the means of industrial wastewater treatment must adhere to the different types of wastewater, good utilization in physical reactions and chemical reactions, promote the consolidation of the combined treatment level of wastewater, and make the efficiency and quality improvement of industrial wastewater treatment. More protection. Second, the development of industrial wastewater treatment should adhere to the mode of wastewater treatment, and make good innovations, especially the reasonable matching of processing systems and hardware. It should be completed in accordance with the direction of intelligence and automation to promote industrial wastewater treatment. The expected goal is better achieved. Third, the development of industrial wastewater treatment must be well addressed and resolved in special situations, especially in areas with heavy pollution. It is necessary to adhere to the method of disposal, carry out a new simulation and analysis, and make good use of computer technology.
3. Improve measures and promote development
The sewage treatment process should follow the principles of reasonableness, reliability and economic feasibility. This principle has an inestimable effect on the development of the city. In order to explore the law of pollutants in sewage, relevant departments should increase their analysis and identification, and use big data technology to comprehensively calculate various parameters. If the simple treatment method cannot meet the purification standard, the biotechnology should be used decisively to improve the sewage treatment measures and promote the harmonious development of the city. It is of great significance to properly treat and reuse sewage, which not only protects the environment, but also promotes sustainable economic development.
Editor in charge: Ge Hongyan
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