Tracking Nanotechnology in Packaging Field (I)

I. Nanotechnology Overview

Nanotechnology (Nano-st) is a concept proposed by scientists in the 1950s. It was born in the late 1980s and is a rising new technology.

Nanotechnology refers to technologies and methods for recognizing and transforming nature within the microscopic range of the nanometer range (10-9 to -7 m), that is, one billionth of a meter, through the direct manipulation and arrangement of atoms and molecules to create new substances. .

Nanotechnology is a means and weapon for mankind to explore the mysteries of the world from a microscopic level. The area it studies is the micro-domain that humans rarely covered in the past, thus opening up a new level of human understanding of the world. Nanotechnology reveals a visible atom and molecular world to human beings with unprecedented resolution. Its ultimate goal is to directly manufacture atoms and molecules with products with specific functions. The microcosmic world of nanotechnology exploration and research is limited to the macroscopic and microscopic levels that humans have explored, that is, it is limited to atoms and molecules, not to microscopic microscopic particles in elementary science, such as elementary particles. Sons, mesons, protons, superons, etc. In the microscopic space-time, the upper limit is generally defined atoms and molecules, but the lower limit is endless. The intermediate field between atoms, molecules, and macroscopic objects is a “virgin land” that people have yet to recognize and develop. The current nanotechnology is how to “open up” this “virgin land”.

We can say that the spatial domain of nanotechnology research is microscopic atoms and molecules in space and time. With nanotechnology, one can freely arrange atoms within a substance and freely manipulate atoms.

Second, nanotechnology is a new technological revolution

Nanotechnology has become a high-tech "century battle."

At present, many countries in the world formulate relevant strategies and plans one after another, and they have invested huge amounts of money to fight the highest point of the nanotechnology strategy. The United States has considered nanotechnology research as the core of the next industrial revolution. The US government’s investment in basic research in nanotechnology has increased from more than 100 million U.S. dollars in 1977 to 500 million U.S. dollars in 2001. Frontiers have become overlords. Other well-known companies, corporations, and consortia are also closely following the progress of nanotechnology research. Major companies such as DuPont, Kodak, Hewlett-Packard and IBM have also set up their own nanotechnology research teams. At present, the nanotechnology research boom has spread all over the world.

The reason why nanotechnology has become a hot spot for comprehensive research is because nanotechnology will create miracles for humans. Its application value in the future will surpass today's computers, which means that nanotechnology has given birth to tremendous opportunities.

Look at the predictions of nanotechnology by scientists in the following areas.

The nanotechnology research work will probably allow the entire collection of the Library of Congress to be stored on a silicon wafer with a diameter of only 0.3 meters.

Nanoelectronics allows quantum components to replace microelectronic devices, and supercomputers can be carried around in pockets.

Nano-organism "components" are combined with nano-inorganic compounds and their crystal structure "components", and nano-electronics are used to control the formation of nano-robots. Doctors can use nanobots to get through brain thrombosis and clear up fat deposits in the heart arteries. They can also perform whole body examinations and treatments by injecting a variety of functional nano-micro-machines into blood vessels.

Nano-scale drugs provide new ways and means for drug delivery and injection. They can directly inject drugs to treat diseased bodies to greatly improve medical efficacy and reduce side effects.

Nanotechnology makes fragile ceramic materials tough, exhibits good toughness near room temperature, and undergoes bending without breaking at 180°C. Nanotechnology has become a strategic approach to brittleness of ceramics.

Nanotechnology can turn good conductor metal materials into non-metal materials; nanotechnology can significantly reduce typical insulator resistance and lose insulator properties; nanotechnology can demagnetize magnetic materials. As a result, new concepts of nanomaterials have been created.

The application of nanotechnology in the military is even more unpredictable. The most typical is the stealth material of military weapons. This stealth material is made using nanotechnology. In the Gulf War of 1991, for example, the fighter aircraft deployed on the first day of the United States escaped Iraq’s stringent military radar surveillance network and quickly reached the Iraqi capital Baghdad. It quickly destroyed the Telegraph Building and other military targets of Pakistan, which lasted for 40 years. During the day's battle, the U.S. aircraft flight reached 1,270 sorties, which resulted in the destruction of 95% of the Iraqi military’s important military targets. None of the U.S. military planes were damaged. At that time, they were shocked by the world. The Iraqi military radar surveillance system is incapable of handling US military aircraft. It is that the US military plane is coated with a layer of nano stealth material.