Double 12 mobile payment "Three Kingdoms to compete for male" UnionPay pushes QR code

It is another 12 in a year.

Since 2014, the double 12 Alipay has set off the offline mobile payment curtain with the “50% discount” promotion. Since then, the double 12 has become the day of mobile payment “fighting”.

Following the launch of “Cloud Flash Pay” in 2015, on December 12, 2016, China UnionPay and various commercial banks jointly announced the “Return Cardholder Consumption Season” campaign, which launched the largest scale in the history of China’s bank card industry. Grateful feedback activities, and announced the official launch of the UnionPay QR code payment standard.

This means that UnionPay opens a two-way attack from the "cloud flash payment" individual combat to the collaborative "two-dimensional code payment". And how much does this affect the future payment market structure?

Double 12 offline payment war

Looking back over the past three years, in the battle for online scenes, Alipay and WeChat have relied on the super-convenientity of sweeping code to “smack the city” in the past two years, and “encircled” the UnionPay card settlement market, which cultivates user payment habits. The marketing method is to rely on a large number of subsidies to occupy high-quality high-frequency trading scenarios.

According to the data released by Alipay, in 2014, there were only 20,000 merchants who entered Alipay and participated in the Double 12 in 2014. The number of merchants participating in this year has become 1 million, an increase of 50 times; in 2014, the code was ordered in the merchants. It is still very strange, and in the last three months of this year, there have been more than 20,000 restaurants that have been scanning and ordering food.

In 2016, “Double 12” and 3 days, a total of more than 110 million consumers participated in the “Double 12”, and “85 After” young people accounted for 68%. On the 10th day alone, the number of consumers participating in the “Double 12” was as high as 49 million, and the consumption fever even exceeded the Golden Week.

Looking at the UnionPay side, although no specific operational data has been given yet, according to Cai Jianbo, executive vice president of UnionPay, the “cardholder consumption” activity is based on 34 well-known supermarkets, 15,000 stores and 50 overseas merchants. The circle offer is the main activity scene, which stimulates the cardholders' “flash payment” consumption behavior, and the scope of activities covers the top three consumption hotspots of Double 12, New Year's Day and Spring Festival.

During the visit, the reporter found that the PK field of this “money-saving” feast was still concentrated in the supermarket scene. Take the Wumei supermarket in Tongzhou Orchard as an example. Alipay wallet and wing payment double 12 enjoy the supermarket 50% discount on the same day, while UnionPay cloud flash payment Enjoy a 40% discount.

In this three-year offline payment competition, UnionPay’s commercial banks have launched “Cloud Flash Pay”, and the upcoming QR code scanning payment market can pay for the “monopoly” market in the Internet. Pull back a game? Who can win more in this offline payment war?

“I will ask who has a discount today before paying,” one consumer said. In fact, this "open inquiry" may become the norm of the "fleece wool" family in the future.

From individual combat to two-way attack

As the main promoter of NFC payment standards, during the double 12 period in 2015, UnionPay has jointly launched more than 20 commercial banks in Beijing to release “Cloud Flash Pay” payment products, and relied on star products such as Apple Pay to trigger the mobile phone Pay card.

However, the effect is not obvious. According to the report of Analysys Report, the overall transaction scale of the third-party mobile payment industry in the first half of the year was 13.48 trillion yuan, and the market share of Alipay and Tenpay, which accounted for 87.5%.

At the same time, the degree of user acceptance, technology and hardware maturity together forced the central bank, UnionPay, and banks to re-examine the two-dimensional code payment from top to bottom. Scanning code payment also began to be officially recognized by regulatory agencies. And there are commercial banks to test the water to scan the product.

In mid-July 2016, ICBC launched a scan code payment product; on July 26, the Central Bank Settlement Division issued a document to the China Payment and Clearing Association and China UnionPay, and issued a letter of intent on the bar code payment supervision principles and requirements; in early August, payment The Clearing Association issued the "Bar Code Payment Service Specification (Draft for Comment)", which means that the scan code payment was officially approved by the regulatory authorities.

Since then, CCB, Minsheng, Industrial Bank (601166, shares) have also launched scan code to pay products. "With the introduction of regulatory standards, various commercial banks will launch scan code payment products, and our guild will open this function at both ends of mobile banking and direct banking." A shareholding bank e-banking official said that consumers are expected to usher in After a long period of intensive preferential subsidy period, enjoy the fun of the giant "burning money".

Then, giants such as UnionPay and Banks have entered the mature scanning code to pay for the market, and how many waves can they set off? How much impact will it have on the existing market structure?

"The release of the standard is only the beginning." Cai Jianbo said that we are formulating the "cloud flash payment" QR code product plan, business rules, risk control strategy and access procedures and other supporting measures.

Many banks interviewed by the reporter said they would definitely access, and most payment companies also indicated that they would consider access.

Differences between old and new QR code payment

However, the same is commercial cooperation. Why do banks prefer the UnionPay model instead of Internet payment? Why are most third-party payment companies interviewed willing to choose the UnionPay model? And what is the difference between the “self-following” QR code payment and the UnionPay model of the third-party payment company, WeChat and Alipay?

"Intuitively, WeChat and Alipay have completed the transfer and clearing in the payment process because they are directly connected to a bank. This means that consumers, merchants, commercial banks and Internet payment are in a closed position. Fun, bypassing the clearing house UnionPay." The above-mentioned joint-stock bankers said that in the business model of credit card fees, UnionPay is obviously anxious.

In the above model, the commercial bank is still the transfer party of funds, and the custodian, as a commercial organization, can earn a commission and is also a vested interest. But to explore, in the current "big data", for the card issuer, where the consumer scans the code, how much money is spent, commercial banks do not master.

Behind the opaque data means the lack of credit data of commercial banks, and in the current “monopoly” of Internet payment giants, banks will lose the initiative to negotiate bargaining. The “short-term” break-up between ICBC and Alipay is the best example. . The above-mentioned joint-stock bankers said, "Therefore, the bank is also anxious."

As for the third-party payment companies, for most third-party payment companies, they do not have as many customers and consumption scenarios as Alipay and WeChat pay. The living environment is still very difficult, and there is no sustainable profit model. There is no ability to negotiate directly with the bank, and the company has to choose the channel company transfer for the business, so that other companies earn channel fees, so these companies are also very anxious.

The relevant person in charge of China UnionPay told the reporter about the release of the UnionPay QR code payment standard. Compared with the two-dimensional code payment that some institutions in the market have already promoted and applied, the biggest feature of the UnionPay QR code payment standard is: UnionPay QR code. The payment is based on the four-party model of the card organization. The difference between the payment and the physical bank card payment is only the change of the payment information interaction mode. The background account is still based on the physical bank card account, and there is no financial risk caused by the deposit of funds in the virtual account. Safety is more secure.

In addition, commercial banks can obtain transparent, complete payment information consistent with traditional bank card payments, which is beneficial to risk identification management and customer relationship management.

From the point of view of the bank that has already launched the scan code payment, this time the performance in the two-dimensional code payment test is “fierce”. If CCB can pay the full card payment function, it can be bound to any type I loan card account, Minsheng Bank. (600016, shares it), Industrial Bank supports WeChat, Alipay scan code payment, and ICBC Peony Card Center established a merchant development center to integrate merchants' receipt, payment, financing, internet finance and other service resources to build online and offline integration. Merchant service system and integrated service plan. According to Wang Dufu, president of the Peony Card Center of ICBC, as of the end of November, the total number of ICBC merchants was 2.487 million, including 1,003,300 traditional POS merchants and 1.439 million new QR code merchants.

With the landing of more commercial bank QR code products, the bank's gameplay will be more than a hundred flowers, offline scanning code to enter the new era of competition, whether we can break the duopoly market structure of Internet payment, let us wait and see.

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