Clostridium perfringens can not only produce strong exotoxins, but also have a variety of invasive enzymes, and have capsules, which constitute its strong invasiveness and cause infectious diseases.
Although the toxin is not as toxic as botulinum toxin and tetanus toxin, there are many types, including 12 exotoxins (αβγδεηθικλμν) and a variety of invasive enzymes (lecithinase, fibrinase, hyaluronidase, collagen) with toxic effects Enzymes and DNase), constitute a strong invasive force.
Among various toxins and enzymes, alpha toxin is the most important. Alpha toxin is a kind of lecithinase, which can decompose lecithin, damage the cell membrane of many kinds of cells, cause hemolysis, tissue necrosis, vascular endothelial cell damage, and make blood vessels permeable Sexually increased, causing edema.
Theta toxin has the effect of hemolysis and destruction of white blood cells. Collagenase can decompose the muscle and collagen tissues under the skin, causing the tissue to disintegrate. Hyaluronidase can decompose the interstitial hyaluronic acid, which is beneficial to the spread of the disease. The bacteria can invade the body through the digestive tract or wounds, causing a variety of diseases in humans and animals, the most important of which is gas gangrene.
According to the different types of bacteria producing exotoxins, Clostridium perfringens can be divided into 6 types: A, B, C, D, E, and F:
Type A: Popular gangrene and food poisoning; Type B: Lamb dysentery; Type C: Sudden death of sheep, human necrotizing enteritis Type D: Bovine intestinal toxemia; Type E: Calf and lamb intestinal toxemia.
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