Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have recently said that they have developed a simple and inexpensive test paper for cancer detection, which can be used to determine whether laboratory mice have cancer in a few minutes based on urine samples.
The researchers reported in the "Journal of the National Academy of Sciences" that day, this kind of test strip cancer detection method works similar to pregnancy test strips, and is based on urine testing. The specific process is to first inject a special nanoparticle into the test subject. This nanoparticle can interact with a protease produced by cancer cells to produce hundreds of biomarkers, so if a person has cancer, his urine The liquid will be able to detect these biomarkers.
Research leader and MIT professor Sanguita Bhatia explained that cancer cells usually produce a protease called MMP, but this protease has a low concentration in the blood and is often difficult to detect. The researchers adopted a method of amplifying the cancer signal. The above-mentioned special nanoparticles are coated with compound polypeptides. After entering the human body, the nanoparticles will gather at the cancer site, and the peptides on the nanoparticles are cut by the MMP protease and released In blood vessels, the final peptides accumulate in the kidneys and are excreted in urine.
In animal experiments, the researchers accurately diagnosed experimental rats with colorectal cancer and thrombosis. Bhatia said: "This is a new idea, that is to artificially create a biomarker that will be excreted, rather than relying on the body's own secretions. We will next conduct experiments in human patients to prove this This diagnostic method is equally effective. "
In order to make the diagnosis more convenient, Batia and others are also studying cancer nanoparticles that can be implanted under the skin for a long time, and hope that the cancer test strips will eventually benefit the poor in developing countries.
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